The Gas laws

  The Gas laws 

(A) Boyle's law -

 This law is given by the scientist Robert Boyle in 1662.

According to this law-

 The volume of a given mass of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure provided the temperature remains constant.

   

                                                                           1                                           v     =    -----                 ( at constant                 p                temperature)  

                          

Or,     pv =  k = constant

Let the pressure and volume of any  gas is p   and V  and the 

                     1            1

 pressure and volume    of the same amount of the same gas be p  and v      then -

  2          2  

    p   v    =   p    v  = constant

      1    1         2    2

 (B) Charles' law-

   This law is given by the scientist J. Charles in 1787.

According to this law-

At constant pressure, the volume of a given mass of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature.

     V   ~  T  (at constant pressure)

Or,    V = kT

               V 

 Or,       ----  = k

               T 

                V         V 

                  1          2

Or,        ------  =  -----

                T           T 

                  1            2

 (C) Gay Lussac's law-

 This law is given by the scientist Gay Lussac in 1802.

According to this law-

     At constant volume, the pressure of a given mass of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature.

   P ~  T ( at constant volume)

Or,    P = kT

               P 

 Or,       ----  = k

               T 

                P          P

                  1          2

Or,        ------  =  -----

                T           T 

                   1           2

 (D) Avogadro's law-

This law is given by the scientist Amedeo Avogadro in 1811.

According to this law-

     Equal volume of all gasses contain equal number of molecules under similar conditions of temperature and pressure.

  

   V   ~  n

                V         V 

                  1          2

Or,        ------  =  -----

                n           n

                  1            2