Nucleic acid

Nucleic Acids 
The nucleic acid are the hereditary determinants of living beings. They are the macromolecules present in most living cells.
Discovery -  It is discovered by Miescher in 1874 from the DNA-protamine complex in salmon sperm nuclei and named nuclein. Later it was found that the nuclein had acid properties and hence Altman in 1899 introduced the term nucleic acid to replace nuclein. In 1880 Fischer discovered purine and pyrimidine bases in nucleic acids.
Types-  There are the two kinds of the nucleic acids
1) DNA(Deoxyribonucleic acid)

2)RNA(Ribonucleic acid)

Both types of the nucleic acid are present in all plants and animals.
Structural components of RNA and DNA-  

1) Acid-  Phosphoric acid 2)Pentose sugar-Deoxyribose sugar and ribose sugar

3) Nitrogenous bases-  
1) Purines (Adenine and Guanine)
                                          2) Pyrimidines (Cytosine, Thymine and Uracil)

Nucleosides-  The nucleosides are the compounds in which nitrogenous bases ( purines and Pyrimidine) are conjugated to the pentose sugar(Deoxyribose and ribose).
N.B.+Pentose sugar= Nucleosides

Nucleotides-  These are the Phosphoric acid easters of Nucleosides. It is the compounds in which the nitrogenous bases purines and Pyrimidines , Pdes.